Monday 12 December 2011

讀者投稿 - Dec 2011

星空下的缺角     Ching Yeung

“星空”會是多少人的童年呢?
在寂寞的畫廊中,我停留,再走到盡頭

讀者投稿 - Dec 2011

應用程式介紹     Dan Chung

最近透過電視得悉一套有關情緒健康教育的應用程式,名為「焦積家庭」。此應用程式提供有關情緒健康的資訊內容、輕鬆有趣的遊戲、自我測試問卷及紀錄、由醫生提供的情緒健康貼士等,希望讓大眾玩遊戲紓緩焦慮情緒之餘,亦能提高對情緒問題,例如經常焦慮症的認識及關注。


Laugh Out Loud - Dec 2011


OOOOh…Are you ready to challenge me again? Finish the following match questions with your social psychology knowledge. Please send the answers with your FULL NAME and CONTACT NUMBER to salford.psy.hk@gmail.com on or before 27th December, 2011. Those who got all correct will enter our lucky draw to win a special prize! Enjoy LOL

Dan Chung

PsyPanacea - Dec 2011

Write to Panacea and you might be answered! We want to wipe that frown off your face. Remember, all askers remain anonymous. Just drop your question into our mailbox, or write to us at salford.psy.hk@gmail.com. The Goddess awaits your worries and woes. 

Kristen Pereira


Dear readers,

This is my debut article of PsyPanacea, your one stop destination to all psychological solutions. Life’s a beach we must surf up but sometimes, there just aren’t any waves. PsyPanacea is named after the Greek Goddess of Healing. Panacea also means ‘remedy’. When you’re lost and need a friend, ask her for help and ‘ding-dong!’, solution’s at your doorstep. So here’s her first question to you, 「有冇問題?」 (yes, the Greek God does speak Chinese too;)).

Love,
Panacea xoxo

Psych-Action - Dec 2011

主辦機構: 香港醫護學會
活動名稱: 如何運用調解技巧處理醫務糾紛
類型: 講座
日期: 2011年12月14日 星期三
時間: 下午7時至9時30分
地點: 觀塘鴻圖道52號百本中心15樓
熱線: 2575 5193 (李小姐)
報名: 需要
詳情: http://www.healthcare.org.hk

主辦機構:香港心理衛生會
活動名稱:「家家有晴」攝影公開比賽
類型:攝影比賽
日期:即日至2011年12月31日 星期六
熱線:2172 7970
詳情:http://www.mhahk.org.hk/

主辦機構:香港心理衛生會
活動名稱:減壓學堂
類型:講座
日期:2012年1月12日 星期四
時間:下午7時30分
地點:九龍塘達之路78號生產力促進局一樓多功能廳
熱線:2528 4656
報名:需要
詳情:http://www.mhahk.org.hk/

Dan Chung

SOPC Activity - Dec 2011

適逢青山醫院之金禧紀念開放日, SOPC 亦於2011年11月5日舉辦其第一次的活動 ─ 參觀青山醫院。開放日的節目豐富,包括導遊參觀、攤位遊戲、表演活動、健康教育講座等,令同學們大開眼界、獲益良多。

天公造美,加上精心的佈置為開放日增添不少氣氛。 Photo: Joanna Chung

同學們在「希望之樹」前拍下大合照。 Photo: Warren Adrien Tang

寫書法能令人心境平靜,亦是治療方式一種。 Photo: Sora Siu

Sunshine is always with you - Dec 2011

樂觀使我們活出健康人生 

各位讀者們好,在這個專欄裡我會主要與大家分享一些正向心理學的實驗,可能會有人問正向心理學究竟是什麼呢? 其實正向心理學是心理學的一個最新分支,主要是研究如何能使個人和社區繁盛的力量和美德,正向心理學家也希望「發現和培養天才和能力」,並「使正常的生活更充實」,而不是只在於治療精神病。接著,我會與大家分享一些正能量信息。

每個人也想有一個健康的身體,為有著健康的身體,有人會選擇做運動去訓練自己的身體變得更加強壯,有人會不惜花費金錢去購買健康食品,令自己身體吸收更多的營養、排毒、美顏 和預防各種疾病、癌病、便秘,這兩種方法都是想令自己有一個強健體魄對抗疾病。但是這兩種方法的成效究竟有多大呢?我們也不知道,因為每個人的身體也不同,對於健康食品和運動的反應相對也不同。在此本人也不否定以上兩種方法的效用,而且是次文章內容重點也不在於此。

其實想要健康並不難的,只要我們持有一個樂觀的態度去面對問題,這樣我們便會有一個健康的身體。為什麼我會這樣說?其實在1997年,心理學學家 Segerstrom 做了一個免疫指標的實驗,挑選了九十位就讀第一年的法律系的學生,分別在他們開學之前和學期中的時候,要他們接受問卷調查,其中有五十位學生需接受抽血量度免疫指標。

結果顯示出,從開學前至學期中,學生們在情緒波動上有一個明顯的增加。但是, Dispositional 樂觀(凡事也會向著好的方向走的信念) 和 Situational 樂觀(在一個情況下,預期有一個正面的結果)的學生會有較小增加的情緒波動,因為樂觀的想法是會直接影響情緒,促使原本身體正在減少NK細胞(對抗癌細胞或病毒最強、最有效的細胞) 和T細胞(消滅體內受感染的細胞)的數量增加和調整,相對增加免疫能力,而受負面情緒影響的學生,則會令到這兩種細胞相對減少。

生活在這個繁忙的的都市,經常也會受到很多事情的打擊,例如工作煩惱、人際關係上的煩惱、金錢等等,從而產生很多壓力,所以真是少點免疫力也很容易生病起來。但是其實沒有問題是解決不到的,只要你持有樂觀的態度,凡事也向好的方面去想,一來可以提高解決問題的效率,並且可以加強免疫能力,一舉兩得,可樂而不為呢?況且辦法總比困難多,一齊步向健康人生!

Woody Yip

Reference
Compton, W. C. (2005). An Introduction to Positive Psychology. California: Wadsworth Publishing.
Segerstrom, S. C. (1997). Optimism and coping with enduring stress: Psychological and immune effects. (Doctoral dissertation).  Retrieved from ProQuest-Psycinfo

Pillars in the Making - Dec 2011

How do babies become attached? (Part 1)

My friend Ben has got a blanket which has been kept and slept with him since he was a baby. Have you got any friends, relatives or even yourself have similar behavior as Ben? For me I have a teddy bear which stays with me for at least 20 years already. Although some part of it has already been torn, I still do not let my mum throw it away; this behavior is called “attachment”. Attachment is a behavior which helps babies to form relationship with people or objects around them. According to Bowlby, parent-infant attachment is a reciprocal relationship: Parent clearly has an edge on infants, when they come to form these intimate affection ties. Mothers often form attachments with babies before they are born, as they usually start planning for babies and they can easily feel the baby’s movements or kicking. The most critical time to form an intense attachment with babies is the few hours after they were born, because it is the time when babies need to feel safe the most. So it is very important for mothers to hug their babies as soon as they are born. If baby cannot form a certain amount of attachment with their caretakers, they may have a chance to develop problems in expressing emotion and building up relationship with people in later life. 

SD3 - Dec 2011

How do I live without you?

You must have heard characters in the movies or dramas swearing love, such as “I cannot live without you”, “you are the apple of my eye” etc. Surprisingly, these obsessive thinking about love is somewhat one kind of symptoms of love addiction. Are you one of the sufferers? Let us take a look at the following paragraphs.

Paradox - Dec 2011

“This situation looks familiar.” “I have been here before.” “I have experienced this.” These thoughts are sometimes raised in people’s minds. Occasionally when you encounter a situation, you will suddenly think that you have experienced that before. A French psychic researcher, Émile Boirac named this phenomenon as “Déjà vu”.

“A black cat went pass this, and then another look just like it”

Déjà vu is described as a glitch of the system in the film Matrix; while in the real world, it is defined as an anomaly of memory. In most of the déjà vu cases, people recalled their previous experiences from their dreams. When people are in the process of experiences recollection, they have a strong feeling of having experienced, however the recollection of when and where they had those experiences is weak or even none (in fact they did not have such experiences in reality). Hence, people who encounterd déjà vu tend to give themselves an excuse that their particular experiences are experienced from dreams.

There are some other explanations for déjà vu too. For example, the overlapping between the neurological systems of short-term memory and long-term memory, and the time lag between the left eye and right eye in receiving vision, but both of the above explanations are not yet verified.

As we cannot find out the formation of déjà vu, there are some assumptions that humans have the ability to link up with different spaces. If people really have this ability, everybody can make prophecy for their own life. Based on this, we can control our own fortune. This will bring us more and more paradoxical questions.

Anthony Chan
       
References

Émile Boirac, (1876). Review Philosophique, 1, 430-431
Berrios, G.E. (1995). Déjà vu and other disorders of memory during the nineteenth century. Comprehensive Psychiatry, 36, 123–129.
Eli Marcovitz, M.D. (1952). The Meaning of Déjà Vu. Psychoanalytic Quarterly, 21, 481-489

Psycovery - Dec 2011

神秘感覺: ASMR

記得小時候初次到髮型屋剪髮,那第一次被別人洗頭髮及剪頭髮的我,當聽到由髮型師雙手輕揉頭髮產生泡沫的聲音時;當聽到由髮型師剪刀清脆利落剪下頭髮時,都會有一種奇怪而舒服的感覺,就像是一種高頻的波動,由頭頂沿著頭皮蔓延至全身的皮膚,然後很自然全身就會放鬆下來。勾起了這回憶,是因為筆者最近在 YouTube 觀看一段烹飪片段時,被片中的聲音激發起那感覺。細看留言,發現很多網民都稱片中那些聲音,例如傾倒清水、膠杯碰撞、攪拌材料,令他們感到放鬆,有些更稱有治療的功效,只要聽著那些聲音睡覺,就不會失眠!作為一位主修心理學的學生,當然要查過明白。

筆者小時候曾被剪髮時的清脆聲音觸發 ASMR 。
Photo: homehaircuts.com




Words From Editors - Dec 2011

Welcome to our second issue of Psycholic. Thank you for all the encouragements and kind words on our debut. It seems that the concern on psychological phenomenon is growing on the community. Good news is we have recruited two more psychology comrades to join our team. Welcome Kristen and Woody! Hope Psycholic can bring you more new perspectives to view the world.

An interesting social psychology theory called “just world phenomenon” came across my mind when I read the news about kung fu starlet, Rose Chan, has been molested by two actors. It was heart-aching to see the 19-year-old telling her ordeal in front of the press. However, instead of gaining empathy from the public, there have been a few cruel comments on her, such as she should have resisted and left or she was just plain stupid. Some skeptics even claimed the incident was nothing but Rose’s self-promotion.

Why did people criticize Rose rather than sympathize with her? As people tend to believe the world is just and fair, victims simply get what they deserve. People deny the fact that there are villains around, thus bad luck will not come off. Those who blame on Rose rationalize that they will not get into the same trouble because they are not as stupid as her.

It is just one simple example of applying psychology theories into everyday life. Get more inspiration from Psycholic then you too can be an everyday life psychologist! If you want to share your psychological view, feel free to send us your articles.

Stephanie Sezto

Sunday 13 November 2011

讀者投稿 - Nov 2011

Hypnosis Happens Here and There and There     Kin Leung

When we hear about hypnotism, immediately ideas come and tell something like mystery, creepy things and weird entertainmentAlso an image may come about hypnotism is something like a weird incident on TV shows or news that a hypnotized person intended to kill someone.  That would be our misconception about hypnosis.  Whether hypnosis is a risk method or not would not be discussed in this writing.  What would be concerned here is how we can develop ourselves and try to learn more through studying hypnosis. Being open-minded to hypnosis rather than only picking up those negative hearsays as our notion is always beneficial.

讀者投稿 - Nov 2011

全城熱看"那些年"     Stephanie Szeto

全城熱看 "那些年",我當然不甘後人,趕緊約幾個中學摰友齊進戲院,回顧那些年一起追我們的男孩。看過電影,朋友們都說可惜,如果柯騰折返找沈佳宜道歉,他們便能在一起;大家又有點感慨,有情人不能終成眷屬。我倒說沒有甚麼可惜或感慨的,因為他們不會在一起的結局遲早也會發生。

先解說一個壞學生和一個好學生最初何以相互吸引吧,電影中柯騰因為在課堂嬉鬧,老師要他坐到沈佳宜前面,希望對他的功課有幫助。老師一個簡單的決定,大大提高了兩人接觸對方的機會,形成了發展關係的重要因素“鄰近”(proximity)了

試問柯騰這個壞學生怎會主動向沈佳宜學習功課?當然每每要她動氣才勉強溫習。正因為沈佳宜每次見到柯騰都被氣得腎上腺素急升,心跳加速,身體又要處於亢奮狀態,以便隨時與他鬥嘴,繼而出現了興奮誤導"(misattribution of arousal)的「錯愛」感覺。

雖說物以類聚,但異極亦會相吸。兩個截然不同的人走在一起,難免會覺得對方特別而產生好奇,想要更加接近以便了解。柯騰與沈佳宜無論性格、興趣、態度及價值觀都不同,最初當然容易覺得對方有趣,兩人相處如進入別的國度,經歷另一種生活方式。這就是發展關係另一個元素 互補不足”(complementarity)了

柯騰與沈佳宜都喜歡對方,卻從未真正在一起,但肥仔和則可以乘虛而入,因為起碼他與沈佳宜也有一個“共通點"(similarity),就是比較成熟淡定。雖然complementarity可以是發展關係的一個因素,但相方有否similarity卻是鑰匙,亦是維繫長久關係的關鍵。

沈佳宜思想成熟,喜歡穩定,雖然對柯騰有好感,但總認為他幼稚,不是付託終生的人選,最後也嫁給一位年紀明顯比自己大,穩重淡定及有經濟基礎的男人。這點與進化心理學的“女性配偶選擇”female mate selection理論不謀而合。

即使柯騰與沈佳宜可以衝破一切走在一起,我相信最終都會因為“致命引力”fatal attraction)而分開。最初吸引著大家的優點,後來都變成分手的理由,例如柯騰無憂無慮的性格會被視為缺乏遠見,而沈佳宜的成熟認真會被視為納悶及不肯變通。所以我說沒有甚麼可惜及感慨,因為他們不會在一起的結局遲早也會發生。現在大家在對方心中留下一點遺憾,才是最美好的結局。

對以上的心理學理論似明非明?不打緊,留意本報的“我愛故我在”專欄自有分曉。

SD3 - Nov 2011

How much are you depressed?

People always describe themselves as ‘depressed’ when they feel sad, upset or experiencing a downturn of emotional swing. Yet, does it mean that they are actually diagnosed with depression? If not, by what means we define one as a sufferer of depression? In the following, we will discuss the symptoms, the causes and also the way we should cope with depressed mood.


Psych-Action - Nov 2011

活動名稱: 與「鬱」共舞
類型: 講座
日期: 2011年11月12日 星期六
時間: 下午2時至4時
地點: 突破中心 地庫禮堂(九龍佐敦吳松街191號)
熱線: 2382 2709
報名: 需要
詳情: http://www.sps.org.hk


活動名稱: 「關顧學障週2011 親子嘉年華」
類型: 嘉年華
日期: 2011年11月13日星期日
時間:下午2時至5時
地點: 西貢海濱公園
報名: 不需要
熱線: 2859 7483
詳情: www.tungwahepsc.org


活動名稱: 中醫穴位化解壓力危機
類型: 講座
日期: 2011年11月18日星期五
時間: 下午七時至九時半
地點: 觀塘鴻圖道52號百本中心15樓
熱線: 2575 5408
報名: 需要
詳情: www.healthcare.org.hk


活動名稱: 「愛。喜。行」慈善步行籌款
類型: 步行籌款
日期: 2011年12月11日 星期日
時間: 下午2時30分
地點: 薄扶林水塘道75號薄扶林傷健營
熱線: 2382 2007/ 2382 2755
報名: 需要
詳情: www.sps.org.hk

Dan Chung

Paradox - Nov 2011

You must have an experience on suppressing yourself to think about a thing or an event; however, you cannot stop yourself thinking about it at the end. Ironically, you can easily forget a thing or an event if you never remind yourself to stop thinking about it. Why do these situations happen?

Do not think of a white bear 別去想白熊

‘Don’t think of a white bear’. Do you feel this sentence so familiar? Maybe you have heard this sentence in the film ‘Inception’ and the respondent said that he could not stop thinking about a white bear. Wegner D. M. gave the name ‘thought suppression’ to this situation. It is defined as the process of deliberately trying to stop thinking about certain thoughts. But is that suppression work?

A famous experiment, aiming to study about the effectiveness of thought suppression, was carried out by Wegner, Schneider, Carter & White. In this experiment, one group of participants was asked not to think of a white bear, while another group did not get such a command. And they had to ring a bell if they did think of a white bear. The result showed that the group with suppression had a higher record of respondents who thought of a white bear. Furthermore, both groups were asked to think of a white bear five more minutes after the first practice and the experiment revealed that the suppression group had a higher frequency of targets who have thought about a white bear too. As a result, thought suppression can cause an increase in target thoughts.

Next time when you are going to memorize something, try to ask your friend to tell you not to think of that thing; maybe you can have a surprising result!

Anthony Chan

References
Wegner, D.M., Schneider, D.J., Carter, S.R., & White, T.L. (1987). Paradoxical effects of thoughts suppression. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 53, 5–13.

Wegner, D.M. (1989). White bears and other unwanted thoughts: Suppression, obsession, and the psychology of mentalcontrol. London: The Guilford Press.

Laugh Out Loud - Nov 2011

Hey, beatme! Try to finish the following crossword with your psychology knowledge. Please send the answers with your FULL NAME and CONTACT NUMBER to salford.psy.hk@gmail.com or or before 27th November, 2011. Those who got all correct will enter our lucky draw to win a special prize! LOL

Dan Chung

Psycovery - Nov 2011

甜的啟示 

當你稱讚別人甜美」“You’re so sweet!” 的時候,你所指的當然不是味道,而是感覺。有否想過,這種約定俗成下來的隱喻不但改變了本身的意思,還影響了嚐甜者的性格及行為甜的感覺真的是與甜的味道聯繫起來?

Photo: Annmarie Kostyk

Pillars in the Making - Nov 2011

港童症爆發 

近年來香港出現了很多「小惡霸」,他們就是我們所稱的「港童」。 相信大家都在不少報章或網站上也會留意到關於「港童」的新聞,例如在暑假期間發生的「小學雞當街罵父母事件」。事情發生在七月,地點在大埔超級城,一名年約七歲的小孩突然指罵父母,說父母搶去他的人權迫他上街,還指手畫腳說父母無權主宰他出門的自由。因他的激烈行為而引起路人的注意,當路人在討論他的行為時, 這名「小學雞」 就指罵路人說 「唔關你事」。 其實大家在生活上都不時會遇到我們所謂的「港童」 在我們身邊出現,不知道你們對港童的行為和態度有什麼意見呢?

Saturday 12 November 2011

Words from Editors - Nov 2011

Thanks for reading our debut! We are a group of vigorous psychology students studying BSc (Hons) Psychology offered by University of Salford, which is collaborated with the Open University of Hong Kong. This newsletter aims to promote psychology knowledge and raise others’ concern on interesting psychological phenomenon.

Psycholic gathered us to work on the same goal, which is to acknowledge ourselves about the surroundings and try to explain it with a psychological background. Still struggling for a degree, we are not professional psychologists yet. Please be patient if any mistakes are made. We are indeed trying our best to write, as decent as we can.

As this is the very first time we try to publish a newsletter, we did come through a number of difficulties. The deadlines, the topics, the column names, etc. gave all of us a heart attack. Yet, we survive, believing the best is yet to come.

In order to improve the quality of this newsletter, we need your support. We are more than happy to receive your feedback and comments. Lastly, if you want to share with us any psychological view, feel free to contact us. Freelancers are welcomed.
Venus Lai